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利用棉花(Gossypium hirsutum)雄性不育不仅可以培育优质的杂交种,还能提高棉花制种效率并降低制种成本。该研究以冀2658系及其同核异质不育系冀2658A为母本,以6个恢复系为父本配制12个杂交组合。利用F1代研究棉花细胞质对棉花农艺性状、抗病性、种子中粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量、纤维品质及产量性状的影响。结果表明,冀2658A的细胞质主要影响棉花杂交种F1代的产量相关性状、黄萎病抗性及棉籽粗脂肪含量等,表现为衣分显著降低(比对照组低1.61%),黄萎病抗性增强(黄萎病指数比对照组低18.29%),棉籽中的粗脂肪含量降低(比对照组低2.88%)。该研究初步探讨了胞质不育型细胞质对陆地棉主要性状的影响,为陆地棉胞质雄性不育系的利用提供了理论参考。
The use of Gossypium hirsutum male sterility can not only cultivate high quality hybrids, but also improve the efficiency of cotton seed production and reduce the cost of seed production. In this study, Ji 2658 line and its all-nuclear sterile line Ji 2658A were used as the female parent, and six restorer lines were used as the male parent to prepare 12 cross combinations. The effects of cotton cytoplasm on cotton agronomic traits, disease resistance, crude fat and crude protein content, fiber quality and yield traits of cotton were studied using F1 generation. The results showed that the cytoplasm of Ji 2658A mainly affected the yield-related traits, the resistance to Verticillium wilt, the crude fat content of cottonseed, etc. in the F1 generation of cotton hybrids, which showed that the lint percentage decreased significantly (1.61% lower than that in the control group) Sexually enhanced (Verticillium wilt index 18.29% lower than control), crude fat content in cottonseed decreased (2.88% below control). The research initially discussed the effect of cytoplasmic male sterility cytoplasm on the main characters of G. hirsutum and provided a theoretical reference for the utilization of Gossypium hirsutum L. CMS.