七十年代初,许多研究结果证实了癌的突变学说。这些结果提示,诱变参与细胞的恶性转化过程,并且可能存在某些突变引致恶性转化的基因。目前,已从分子水平证实了原癌基因的存在。由于病毒将其自身遗传信息引入细胞而使恶性转化的情况更为复杂。目前尚无实验证据证实突变在病毒致癌中的作用。致癌病毒是否诱导宿主细胞的基因突变也不清楚。事实上,关于病毒诱导脊椎动物的基因突变亦无可利用的资料。 In the early 1970s, many studies confirmed the catastrophe theory of cancer. These results suggest that mutagenesis is involved in the malignant transformation of cells, and that there may be some mutations that cause malignant transformation. At present, the existence of protooncogenes has been confirmed from the molecular level. The malignant transformation is further complicated by the virus introducing its own genetic information into the cells. There is no experimental evidence to confirm the role of mutations in viral carcinogenesis. It is also unclear whether oncogenic viruses induce genetic mutations in host cells. In fact, there are no available data on virus-induced gene mutations in vertebrates.