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H_2-受体拮抗剂(H_2RAs)自70年代问世以来,已成为儿童患者抗酸疗法中的主要药物。其适应证与成年人相同,治疗期限视急、慢性指征而异。西咪替丁(26mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1),q6h)用后1.5～2h 胃内 pH 为4.7,用后5.5～6h pH 为2.2。雷尼替丁于6mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)(q6h)时胃内 pH 升高较3mg·kg-~(-1)·d~(-1)更为明显。两者连续输注时 pH 保持平稳。肝移植患儿连续输注雷尼替丁(4.8和0.2 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1))胃内 pH 控制极佳为6.8。法莫替丁或尼扎替丁未获类似数据。西咪替丁、雷尼替丁、法莫替丁术前应用能有效升高胃内 pH,可预防胃酸吸入肺内,但胃容积的改变不一。术前2～3h 直肠给西咪替丁
Since the advent of the H 2 -receptor antagonist (H 2 RAs) since the 1970s, H 2 RAs have become the mainstay of antacid therapy in pediatric patients. The same indications and adults, the treatment period as acute and chronic indications vary. Cimetidine (26mg · kg -1 d -1, q6h) 1.5 ~ 2h after use gastric pH 4.7, after 5.5 ~ 6h pH 2.2. The intragastric pH of ranitidine was significantly higher than that of 3 mg · kg -1 -1 · d -1 at 6 mg · kg -1 d -1 (q6h). Both continuous infusion of pH remained stable. Continuous infusion of ranitidine (4.8 and 0.2 mg · kg -1 · h -1) in children with liver transplantation had excellent gastric pH control of 6.8. Famotidine or nizatidine did not receive similar data. Cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine preoperative application can effectively increase the gastric pH, prevent gastric acid absorption into the lungs, but the changes in gastric volume vary. 2 ~ 3h before rectal cimetidine