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肺活检是一种重要的组织学诊断方法。某些肺部疾患,尤其是弥漫性或结节样病变,经常规的临床和检验方法常不能确诊病因,而借助于肺活检法则往往可以得到确诊,从而对指导治疗有很大帮助。近年来肺活检方法和器械方面都有一些发展,部分检查方法已开始在国内开展。本文综述各种肺活检法的资料,以供临床实践参考。肺活检可能发生一些并发症,因此临床上必须予以重视,正确掌握适应症,熟练操作技术。特别在进行肺活检后,应密切观察病情,及时处理可能发生的并发症以保证病人的安全。
Lung biopsy is an important method of histological diagnosis. Some lung diseases, especially diffuse or nodular lesions, often cannot be diagnosed by routine clinical and laboratory tests. Lung biopsy can often be used to confirm the diagnosis. This can be of great help in guiding treatment. In recent years, there have been some developments in lung biopsy methods and devices, and some inspection methods have begun to be carried out in China. This article reviews various lung biopsy data for reference in clinical practice. There may be some complications in lung biopsy, so clinical attention must be paid to the correct indications and skilled operation techniques. After the lung biopsy is performed, the condition should be closely observed and the possible complications should be dealt with in time to ensure the safety of the patient.