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随着国家发展战略的调整,推进新型城镇化和扩大国内消费需求成为中国未来经济社会长远稳定发展的主要路径。农民工的社会融入和经济融入是推动新型城镇化的主要抓手,而收入差距是农民工社会融入和经济融入的主要障碍。本文使用分位数回归方法和Blinder-Oaxaca分解的方法,基于2013年中国社会综合调查数据,分析发现城镇户籍人口与农民工的收入差距在不同层次的职业群体中并不是均匀分布的,城市社会的劳动力市场对农民工是选择性的底层开放模式,其后果可能是形成一个以农民工为主、被城镇主流社会隔离的底层社会。由此可以认为,缩小收入差距,形成统一的劳动力市场,不仅需要重视解决割裂劳动力市场的种种制度性歧视,更要重视职业分层为代表的社会结构的重要影响。
With the readjustment of the national development strategy, pushing forward the new-type urbanization and expanding domestic consumption demand have become the main paths for the long-term stable development of China’s economy and society. The social integration and economic integration of migrant workers are the main starting point for promoting new-type urbanization, and the income disparity is the main obstacle to the social integration and economic integration of migrant workers. Using the quantile regression method and the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, based on the data of China’s comprehensive social survey in 2013, we find that the income gap between urban household registration population and migrant workers is not evenly distributed among occupational groups at different levels. Urban society The labor market is an optional bottom-opening mode for migrant workers. The consequence may be the formation of a grassroots society dominated by migrant workers and separated by urban mainstream society. Therefore, we can conclude that narrowing the income gap and forming a unified labor market not only pay attention to resolving various institutional discrimination in splitting the labor market, but also emphasize the important influence of the social structure represented by occupational stratification.