当前,随着人民生活水平的提高和提倡一对夫妇生一个孩子的政策,优生已成为人们的迫切愿望,大家都期望得到既聪明又健康的小宝宝,这不仅是关系到家庭的幸福,也是国家和民族兴旺发达的大事。因此,在控制人口数量增长的同时,不断提高各族人民体力和智力的发育、降低遗传性疾病和先天性畸形儿的出生率,已引起医学遗传学家的广泛兴趣和极大关注。自从产前细胞遗传学诊断应用到医学实践中以来,大约只有15年的时间,实践证明,它已发展为控制遗传病最有效的优生学措施之一,特别是孕早期绒毛染色体早期诊断胎儿发现是否有染色体遗传病的方法成为佼佼者。本文就此拟作综述如下。 At present, with the improvement of people’s living standards and the promotion of the policy of giving birth to one child by one couple, eugenics has become an urgent desire of people, and everyone hopes for a smart and healthy baby, which is not only related to family happiness but also The prosperity of the country and the nation. Therefore, while controlling the population growth, it has aroused widespread interest and great attention of medical geneticists to constantly improve the physical and mental development of people of all ethnic groups and reduce the birth rate of genetic diseases and congenital malformations. It has been about 15 years since prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis was applied to medical practice and it has been proven that it has become one of the most effective eugenics to control genetic diseases, especially in the early stage of early pregnancy. Whether there is chromosomal genetic disease methods become outstanding. This article is intended to be summarized as follows.