搞好国有企业一直是经济体制改革的重大主题之一。长期的实践使人们认识到,解决国有企业亏损问题,一方面要对那些确实有救的企业哪怕它只有一个产品还有市场——拉一把,另一方面,要下决心让那些确实扭亏无望,产品全无市场,越是生产越是积压、越是亏损,且资不抵债的企业破产。转换企业经营机制的一个重要内容,就是建立企业优胜劣汰的机制。我们不能以牺性效率和效益的高昂代价,换取一些无望企业的勉强生存。 尽管破产在中国还刚刚起步,迄今为止发生的破产事件为数甚微,并且还有许多亟待完善的地方,但它在促进市场竞争,优化产业结构,以及处理债务关系等方面显示的奇效,已有目共睹。越来越多的人认识到,尽快建立和完善我国的企业破产制度,已成为搞好国有企业的重要条件之一。 Doing a good job of state-owned enterprises has always been one of the major themes of economic restructuring. The long-term practice has led people to realize that to solve the problem of loss of state-owned enterprises, on the one hand, it is necessary for those companies that are actually saved to have a market even if it has only one product. On the other hand, we must make up our minds to make sure that those who do turn a loss are hopeless. There is no market for the product, and the more the production is, the more it is backlog, the more it is loss, and the insolvent company’s bankruptcy. An important part of the transformation of the business management mechanism is to establish a mechanism for the survival of the fittest. We cannot exchange for the survival of some hopeless enterprises at the high cost of sacrificing efficiency and efficiency. Although bankruptcy has just begun in China, there have been only a few bankruptcies to date, and there are still many areas that need to be improved. However, it has already shown that the miraculous effects it has shown in promoting market competition, optimizing the industrial structure, and handling debt relationships have already been witnessed. . More and more people realize that establishing and perfecting the enterprise bankruptcy system in China as soon as possible has become one of the important conditions for a well-run state-owned enterprise.