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我国制造业的空间重构不仅表现为整体格局和职能强度的变化,更体现在内部构成要素的分化上。我国从事制造业的正规与非正规从业人员比例由2000年的41.7:58.3转变为2010年的29.3:70.7。两者的空间结构差异明显,非正规就业密度由沿海向内陆逐步递减,而正规就业在内陆省会城市存在明显高地。本文分析了制造业重构过程中的六类城市及其分布变化。研究表明,全球化进程和就业门槛显著促进了非正规就业增长;非正规就业也与经济发展存在共生关系,但与制度环境并无显著关联;此外廉价劳动力、市场可达性与规模经济对制造业的区位选择具有显著影响。
The spatial reconstruction of China’s manufacturing industry not only shows the changes of the overall pattern and function intensity but also the differentiation of the internal constituent elements. The proportion of formal and informal workers engaged in manufacturing in our country was changed from 41.7: 58.3 in 2000 to 29.3: 70.7 in 2010. The spatial structure of the two is obviously different. The density of informal employment gradually decreases from the coast to the inland, while the formal employment has obvious heights in the inland capital cities. This paper analyzes the six types of cities in manufacturing restructuring and their distribution changes. The research shows that the globalization process and employment threshold significantly promote informal employment growth. Informal employment also has symbiotic relationship with economic development, but not with institutional environment. In addition, cheap labor, market accessibility and economies of scale The location of the industry has a significant impact.