肿瘤多药耐药(multidrug resistance,MDR)是肿瘤放化疗治疗失败的重要原因。肿瘤MDR的产生主要与肿瘤细胞高表达ABC超家族外排泵与肿瘤细胞本身所表现的凋亡抑制有关。本文针对肿瘤细胞的MDR与抗凋亡相关信号通路、因子和酶的关系以及它们与ABC超家族转运体的关系作一综述。 Tumor multidrug resistance (multidrug resistance, MDR) is an important reason for the failure of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer. The generation of tumor MDR is mainly associated with the high level of expression of ABC superfamily efflux pump in tumor cells and the inhibition of apoptosis in tumor cells themselves. In this paper, the relationship between MDR and anti-apoptosis-related signal transduction pathways, factors and enzymes in tumor cells and their relationship with ABC superfamily transporters are reviewed.