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基于30 m、500 m和1 km空间分辨率的TM、MODIS和AVHRR卫星遥感数据,估算2006年大兴安岭一次森林火灾的排放量,并评估空间分辨率对排放量估算的影响。结果显示:不同空间分辨率卫星估算的火烧迹地面积差异为4.3%～13.8%,随着空间分辨率降低,遥感估算火烧迹地面积逐渐减小。不同空间分辨率卫星估算的二氧化碳(CO_2)、一氧化碳(CO)、甲烷(CH_4)、非甲烷总烃(NMHC)、氮氧化物(NO_x)、二氧化硫(SO_2)、可吸入颗粒物(PM_(2.5))、黑炭(BC)、有机碳(OC)的排放量分别为1.01×10~6～1.64×10~6t、6.07×10~4～9.58×10~4t、2.91×10~3～4.51×10~3t、4.61×10~3～7.18×10~3t、1.83×10~3～3.01×10~3t、5.00×10~2～7.79×10~2t、7.82×10~3～12.1×10~3t、3.10×10~2～5.02×10~2t、4.79×10~3～7.46×10~3t。空间分辨率对排放的估算有明显的影响,30 m对比500 m、1 km分辨率,500 m对比1 km分辨率卫星的排放差异分别为25.5%～29.6%,35.4%～39.2%和13.1%～13.7%。因此,未来基于卫星遥感估算林火排放时须考虑空间分辨率的影响。
Based on the TM, MODIS and AVHRR satellite remote sensing data of spatial resolution of 30 m, 500 m and 1 km, a forest fire in 2006 in Daxing’anling was estimated and the impact of spatial resolution on the estimation of emissions was evaluated. The results showed that the difference of the area of fire track estimated by different spatial resolution satellites was 4.3% ~ 13.8%. As the spatial resolution decreased, the area of fire track decreased by remote sensing. Carbon dioxide (CO 2), carbon monoxide (CO), methane (CH 4), total non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), nitrogen oxides (NO x), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), respirable particulate matter (PM 2.5) ), Black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) were 1.01 × 10 ~ 6 ~ 1.64 × 10 ~ 6t, 6.07 × 10 ~ 4 ~ 9.58 × 10 ~ 4t and 2.91 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 4.51 × 10 ~ 3t, 4.61 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 7.18 × 10 ~ 3t, 1.83 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 3.01 × 10 ~ 3t, 5.00 × 10 ~ 2 ~ 7.79 × 10 ~ 2t and 7.82 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 12.1 × 10 ~ 3t, 3.10 × 10 ~ 2 ~ 5.02 × 10 ~ 2t, 4.79 × 10 ~ 3 ~ 7.46 × 10 ~ 3t. The spatial resolution has a significant impact on the estimation of emissions. The emission differences of 30 m versus 500 m, 1 km and 500 m versus 1 km resolution are 25.5% -29.6%, 35.4% -39.2% and 13.1% respectively, ~ 13.7%. Therefore, future estimates of forest fire emissions based on satellite remote sensing must consider the effects of spatial resolution.