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随着运行速度的提高，车轴所承受的垂直载荷和水平载荷也相应增加，此必须十分重视车轴的疲劳设计。修订JIS（日本工业标准）车轴疲劳设计基准时，得出了车轴运行时的实际作用应力与静态应力σst之比的最大值与走行速度之间的关系式。按此式计算，新干线高速动车在速度为300km／h时的实际作用应力α＝65MPa，而经高频淬火处理的新线车轴发生微细疲劳裂纹时的极限应力约为100MPa，说明车轴具有足够的安全性。
As the running speed increases, the vertical load and the horizontal load on the axles also increase correspondingly. Therefore, the fatigue design of the axle must be taken seriously. When JIS (Japan Industrial Standard) axle fatigue design standards were revised, the relation between the maximum value of the ratio of the actual acting stress to the static stress σst and the traveling speed during the axle operation was obtained. According to this formula, the actual acting stress of the Shinkansen high-speed motor car at a speed of 300km / h is α = 65MPa, while the ultimate stress of the micro-fatigue crack on a new line of the high-frequency quenching steel is about 100MPa, indicating that the axle has enough Security.