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目的 分析岱山县渔船民传染病发病特征 ,为制定渔船民传染病防制措施提供依据。方法 利用岱山县 1994～ 2 0 0 3年渔船民传染病发病资料 ,分析发病频率、发病顺位、分布规律和发病特点。结果 10年来渔船民传染病平均年发病率为 5 33.2 1/ 10万 ,高于全县传染病平均年发病率 (χ2 =4 4 .0 8,P<0 .0 1)。全县传染病死亡共 6例 ,其中 5例为渔船民 ,渔船民传染病平均年死亡率为 1.5 2 / 10万。发病率以 1994年为最高 ,以后呈下降趋势。渔船民传染病发病顺位以病毒性肝炎居首 ,淋病位居第 2 ,伤寒、霍乱、菌痢位居第 3。发病月份呈双峰型 ,以 2～ 3月、7～ 9月为高峰。发病年龄以青壮年为主。共发现 2例 HIV感染者均为渔船民 ,感染率为 0 .6 1/ 10万。结论 渔船民在全县传染病发病的群体中发病率最高 ,是本县传染病防制工作的重点 (渔船民占全县总人口 15 .39% )。
Objective To analyze the incidence of infectious diseases among fishing boat people in Daishan County and provide evidence for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of fishing boat people. Methods According to the incidence data of infectious disease of fishing boat from 1994 to 2003 in Daishan County, the incidence frequency, incidence, distribution and incidence of the disease were analyzed. Results The average annual incidence rate of infectious diseases among fishing boat people in 10 years was 5 33.2 1 / 100,000, which was higher than the average annual incidence of infectious diseases in the county (χ2 = 44.08, P <0.01). The county infectious disease deaths in 6 cases, of which 5 were fishing boat people, fishing boat people infectious disease average annual death rate of 1.5 2/100000. The incidence rate was highest in 1994, and then declined. The prevalence of infectious diseases among fishing boat people ranked first with viral hepatitis, with gonorrhea ranked No. 2, with typhoid, cholera and bacillary dysentery ranked No. 3. The onset of the month was bimodal type, with 2 to 3 months, 7 to September for the peak. Age of onset to young adults. Two cases of HIV-infected persons were found as fishing boat people, the infection rate was 0.61 million. Conclusion Fishing boat people have the highest incidence rate of infectious diseases in the whole county, which is the focus of prevention and control of infectious diseases in the county (fishing boat population accounts for 15.39% of the total population of the county).