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目的：观察ｈＭＳＨ２表达改变和微卫星不稳定性（ＭＩＮ）在散发性结直肠癌发生中的作用。方法：应用免疫组化法检测７７例散发性结直肠癌及癌旁正常粘膜组织中ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白的表达，并用ＰＣＲ变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳银染法检测肿瘤组织的ＭＩＮ状况。结果：肿瘤组织中ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白表达阳性率为５５％，远低于癌旁正常粘膜９４％的阳性率。正常粘膜中ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白均有核内定位，而肿瘤组织中定位呈多样性，浆及浆核型增多。肿瘤组织中ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白的表达状况与表示肿瘤预后的临床病理参数没有统计学关系。与肿瘤的ＭＩＮ资料比较，发现ＲＥＲ＋肿瘤ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白表达阳性率为２８％，而ＲＥＲ－肿瘤为７１％，显示ｈＭＳＨ２蛋白表达与ＭＩＮ间有较好的一致性。结论：ｈＭＳＨ２基因改变在散发性结直肠癌的发生中起着一定的作用，免疫组化检测可直观地反映基因的功能状况
Objective: To observe the role of hMSH2 expression change and microsatellite instability (MIN) in the development of sporadic colorectal cancer. Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of hMSH2 protein in 77 cases of sporadic colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa tissues. The condition of MIN in tumor tissues was detected by PCR denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis-silver staining. Results: The positive rate of hMSH2 protein expression in the tumor tissue was 55%, which was much lower than the 94% normal mucosa adjacent to the tumor. The normal mucosa hMSH2 protein nuclear localization, while the tumor tissue was a diversity of positioning, pulp and pulp karyotype increased. There was no statistical relationship between the expression of hMSH2 protein in tumor tissue and the clinicopathological parameters which indicated the prognosis of tumor. In comparison with the tumor MIN data, the positive rate of hMSH2 protein expression in RER + tumor was 28%, while that of RER-tumor was 71%. It showed that there was a good consistency between hMSH2 protein expression and MIN. Conclusion: hMSH2 gene mutation plays a role in the development of sporadic colorectal cancer. Immunohistochemical detection can directly reflect the functional status of the gene