在清代东北地区,乡约成为主体性乡村职役,基本从属于民治体系。作为半公半私的角色,乡约一般以村、庄等自然聚落为基层单位,直接临民,成为中央与地方、上层与民众的中介。他们有着多重而全面的职责,控制着东北广大乡村,但由于后期乡约制度弊病丛生,最终罢废。 In the northeast region of Qing Dynasty, the township government became the mainstay of village duty and basically belonged to the system of people’s government. As a half-private role, the township general village, village and other natural settlements for the grassroots units, directly Linmin, as the central and local, upper and civilian intermediary. They have multiple and comprehensive responsibilities and control the vast rural areas in Northeast China. However, due to the systematic defects of the Late Qing Dynasty, they eventually abandoned their posts.