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由于种子表面具蜡质和脂肪,采用常规制样方法往往不能获得种皮纹饰的清晰图像。经二甲苯、石油醚严格脱蜡、脱酯后油菜种皮纹饰在扫描电镜下清晰可见。本文比较分析了白菜型油菜(B.campestris,AA)、黑芥(B.nigra,BB)、甘蓝(B.oleracea,CC)、甘蓝型油菜(B.napus,AACC)、芥莱型油菜(B.juncea,AABB)、埃塞俄比亚芥(B.carinata,BBCC)、油用萝卜(R.stivus,RR)、芸芥(E.sativa,EE)、海甘蓝(C.abyssinica)和新疆野生油菜(S.arvensis,SarSar)的种皮纹饰及种皮断面结构特征。观察证明:不同类型油菜种皮纹饰具有不同的特征,有强的种属特性和遗传保守性。在亚显微水平上(10～2000)考察这些形态特征,对油菜分类鉴定及演化研究具有重要意义。
Due to the waxy and fat surfaces of seeds, clear images of seed coat ornamentation are often not available using conventional sample preparation methods. After xylene, petroleum ether strict dewaxing, after de-esterification rape seed coat ornamentation under the scanning electron microscope clearly visible. In this paper, we compared the genetic diversity of B. campestris (AA), B. nigra (BB), B. oleracea (CC), B. napus (AACC), Brassica napus B. juncea, AABB), B.carinata (BBCC), oilseed (R.stivus, RR), E. sativa (EE), C. babyssinica and Xinjiang wild canola S.arvensis, SarSar) and the cross-sectional structure of the seed coat. Observation shows that: different types of rape seed coat ornamentation has different characteristics, strong species characteristics and genetic conservation. Studying these morphological characteristics at the sub-microscopic level (10-2000) is of great significance for the classification and identification of rapeseed and its evolution.