医院是一个特殊的环境,院内感染已成为全球性公共卫生中的一个重要问题。病原体在人群的周围,有的来自院内患者、医护人员污染的医疗器械、水、食物、空气等。引起医院内感染的病原体主要是细菌,亦有病毒,真菌及寄生虫。院内交叉感染是目前住院病人发病率和死亡率增加的重要原因之一。因此加强院内外源性感染监测是防止感染 Hospitals are a special environment where nosocomial infections have become an important issue in global public health. Pathogens around the crowd, some from hospital patients, health care workers contaminated medical equipment, water, food, air and so on. The pathogens causing nosocomial infections are mainly bacteria, but also viruses, fungi and parasites. In-hospital cross-infection is currently one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. Therefore, to strengthen surveillance of exogenous hospital infection is to prevent infection