中国地大物博,但是实际上却是干旱缺水的国家,因此在农村实行小型水利体制的改革是非常必要的,具体的开展方式有很多种,承包经营、股份制合作等等都是开展的方式,而用水者协会的改革方式在实践当中表现非常突出,本文首先介绍用水者协会的相关基本概念及其具体的作用,然后介绍用水者协会在农村小型水利体制改革当中的作用。 However, in reality, China is a country suffering from drought and water shortages. Therefore, it is very necessary to implement the reform of small-scale water conservancy in rural areas. There are many specific ways to carry out such undertakings. Contracting and shareholding cooperation are the ways in which they are carried out. However, The WUA reform method is very outstanding in practice. This paper firstly introduces the basic concepts of WUA and its specific functions, and then introduces the WUA’s role in the reform of rural small-scale irrigation system.