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目的:探讨学校流感样病例爆发疫情的流行特征及控制效果。方法:回顾性总结了某学校流感爆发案例,统计流感的时间分布和人群分布,最后通过查阅文献,探讨采取控制措施的时间间隔与流感控制能力的关系。结果:学校流感样病例爆发疫情的控制效果与控制措施实施的时间间隔成正相关(r=0.944,P<0.05)。结论:流感疫情的多发季节为三四月份,表现为明显的季节性流行,易感人群为青少年;在流感疫情爆发后,及时对确诊的患者进行隔离治疗是控制疫情快速传播的有效措施之一,另外,加强对易感人群的健康教育,提高易感人群流感疫苗接种的覆盖率,对于有效预防流感疫情爆发均具有积极的意义。
Objective: To explore the epidemic characteristics and control effects of outbreaks of flu-like illness in schools. Methods: The cases of flu outbreak in a school were retrospectively reviewed. The time distribution and crowd distribution of flu were analyzed. Finally, the relationship between the control measures and the time interval of taking control measures was explored. Results: The control effect of outbreaks of influenza-like illness in schools was positively correlated with the time interval of control measures (r = 0.944, P <0.05). Conclusions: The seasonal outbreaks of influenza are seasonal epidemics in March and April, showing obvious seasonal epidemics and susceptible populations are adolescents. It is one of the effective measures to control the rapid spread of the outbreak after timely isolation of the diagnosed patients after the outbreak of influenza In addition, to strengthen the health education of the susceptible population and increase the coverage of influenza vaccination in the susceptible population is of positive significance for effectively preventing the outbreak of the flu epidemic.