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对具有相同价态与配位体及相应几何构型的铂族元素络合物稳定性进行对比,观察到存在着重铂族络合物比轻铂族络合物热力学稳定性更强,动力学惰性更高的规律。这可用元素周期数对络合物 d 轨道能级分裂△值的影响以及铂族元素第一电离势的差异来解释。“镧系收缩”使重铂族元素有效核电荷高于轻铂族,它们对配位体的吸引作用也大于轻铂族,并从原子结构特征进行说明。用本文观点可解释铂族元素具有不同最稳定氧化态的原因及其化学冶金中若干反应现象。
The stability of platinum group complexes with the same valences with ligands and corresponding geometries was compared. It was observed that the presence of heavy platinum group complexes was more thermodynamically stable than the light platinum group complexes, and the kinetics Inert higher law. This can be explained by the effect of the periodicity of the number of elements on the Δ value of the orbital energy level splitting of the complex and the difference in the first ionization potential of the platinum group elements. “Lanthanoid shrinkage” makes the effective nuclear charge of the heavy platinum group elements higher than that of the light platinum group, and their attraction to the ligand is also greater than that of the light platinum group, and the atomic structural characteristics are described. From this point of view we can explain why platinum group elements have the most stable oxidation states and some of their reaction phenomena in chemical metallurgy.