一、引言瑶山位于余杭市安溪镇下溪村,海拔高度约35米,北倚天目山诸余脉,南临广阔的冲积平原,东沼溪经此逶迤流向太湖。调查证实,良渚文化遗址沿沼溪北岸形成了一个条带状的分布,在瑶山的东面有羊尾巴山、小竹园等遗址,西南面则有官庄、梅园里、白虎山、葛家村、姚家墩等遗址与莫角山遗址相连。1987年5、6月间,因为当地部分村民在瑶山盗挖良渚文化玉器,浙江省考古所随即在此进行了抢救性考古发掘。此次发掘清理良渚文化墓葬11座、祭坛1座,证实这是一处祭坛与墓地复合的良渚文化遗址①。瑶山遗址各墓所出器类齐全,制作精良,数目繁多,玉器的种类包括了除玉璧外的良渚文化迄今所见的所有其它器种,基地在总体上体现出规模大、规格高的特性;祭坛在平 I. Introduction Yao Mountain is located in Xiaoxi Village, Anxi Town, Yuhang City, about 35 meters above sea level. It borders on the northern part of Tianmu Mountain and extends south to the vast alluvial plain. Dongmao River flows through Taihu Lake to the south. The survey confirmed that the Liangzhu Cultural Relics formed a banded distribution along the north bank of the Marsh River. In the east of the Yao Mountain, there are the sites such as the Yang Tailu Mountain and the Xiaozhu Yuan, while the southwestern ones include Guanzhuang, Meiyuanli, Bahusuoshan, Gejiacun, Yaojiadun and other sites linked with the site of Mo Kok Shan. In May and June 1987, part of local villagers dug Liangpag culture jade artifacts in Yaoshan, and the Zhejiang Provincial Archeology Institute immediately conducted a rescue archeological excavation here. The excavation clean up Liangzhu cultural tombs 11, altar 1, confirmed that this is an altar and cemetery compound Liangzhu cultural sites ①. The site of the ancient tombs of the site of Yao Mountain are all well-equipped with well-produced and large numbers. All kinds of jade articles include all other types of instruments so far found in Liangzhu Culture besides jade wall. The bases generally show large scale and high standard Characteristics; altar in the flat