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本文报告了我科自1965年～1985年间收治的205例纵隔肿瘤,所有病例均经病理诊断证实。最常见的三种纵隔肿瘤为神经原性肿瘤(26.8％),胸腺肿瘤(20.5％)和畸胎性肿瘤(19.5％)。纵隔肿瘤的常见症状有胸闷、胸痛、咳嗽等,有明显临床症状者多为恶性病变。纵隔肿瘤的手术切口因人而异,前胸切口对前纵隔肿瘤有暴露好、操作容易等优点,对明显突入胸腔的哑铃状神经纤维瘤可经背部及后外侧胸部切口一期手术切除。手术切除率为87.3％,手术死亡率为0.9％。未能切除者多为恶性病变(其中包括2例罕见的原发纵隔精原细胞瘤)。本文还对诊断及手术要点进行了讨论。
This article reports 205 cases of mediastinal tumors treated in our department from 1965 to 1985. All cases were confirmed by pathological diagnosis. The three most common mediastinal tumors were neurogenic tumors (26.8%), thymic tumors (20.5%), and teratoma tumors (19.5%). The common symptoms of mediastinal tumors include chest tightness, chest pain, and cough. The most obvious clinical symptoms are malignant lesions. The surgical incision of mediastinal tumors varies from person to person. The advantages of exposing the anterior septal tumor to the anterior thoracic incision are easy and the operation is easy. The dumbbell-shaped neurofibroma that protrudes into the thoracic cavity can be surgically removed through the back and posterolateral thoracic incision. The surgical resection rate was 87.3% and the operative mortality rate was 0.9%. Most of the unresectable malignant lesions (including 2 rare primary mediastinal seminoma). This article also discusses diagnostic and surgical points.