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目的：通过检测凋亡相关基因Bcl－2，Bcl－X，Bax和Bak在扁桃体表达来了解扁桃体凋亡的发生及定位。方法：应用免疫组织化学方法（APAAP）检测Bcl－2，Bcl－X，Bak和Bax在24例扁桃体的表达，应用APAAP和PAP法检测Bcl—2，Bcl－X，Bax和Bak基因蛋白分别与CD3，CD21和CD68在其中10例扁桃体的联合表达。结果：促凋亡基因Bak,Bax蛋白主要在扁桃体生发中心（GC）的亮区呈过表达，而抑凋亡基因Bcl—2蛋白则在GC暗区和GC周围滤泡区呈过表达，在GC亮区却不表达。Bcl-X主要在粘膜下，GC周围滤泡间隙呈过表达，在GC亮区部分表达，暗区较少表达。CD21B淋巴细胞主要分布于GC亮区并表达Bak，Bax和Bcl－X；CD3T淋巴细胞主要分布于GC暗区和滤泡区表达Bcl－2和Bcl－X；CD68巨噬细胞主要分布于GC亮区，但未发现CD68阳性细胞表达Bcl－2，Bcl－X，Bak和Bax。结论：扁桃体凋亡主要发生于GC亮区的B淋巴细胞，特别是Cd21阳性B细胞，并由多基因参与调节和介导。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurrence and location of amyloidosis in amygdala through detecting the expression of apoptosis related genes Bcl-2, Bcl-X, Bax and Bak in tonsils. Methods: The expressions of Bcl-2, Bcl-X, Bak and Bax in 24 cases of tonsils were detected by immunohistochemistry (APAAP). The expressions of Bcl-2, Bcl- CD3, CD21, and CD68 were co-expressed in 10 of the tonsils. Results: The pro-apoptotic genes Bak and Bax were mainly overexpressed in the bright area of tonsillar germinal center (GC), but the Bcl-2 protein was overexpressed in the dark area of GC and follicular area around GC. GC bright area is not expressed. Bcl-X mainly in the submucosal, follicular clearance around the GC was overexpressed, expressed in the GC bright area, dark area less expressed. CD21B lymphocytes mainly distributed in GC bright area and expressed Bak, Bax and Bcl-X; CD3T lymphocytes mainly distributed in dark area of GC and Bcl-2 and Bcl-X in follicular area; CD68 macrophages mainly distributed in GC light However, CD68 positive cells were not found to express Bcl-2, Bcl-X, Bak and Bax. Conclusion: Apoptosis of tonsils mainly occurs in B lymphocytes of GC bright area, especially Cd21 positive B cells, which are regulated and mediated by multiple genes.