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唐诗《劝酒》登陆日本后,数百年来广为流布。从传统的“汉文训读”法翻译,到“狂欢”式的口语体译本,大量的复制和戏拟,引发了文本形式与内涵张力的变异。其间,社会历史、语言文化、译者、文本及读者等诸多因素间的互动和对话,使文本获得了互文性,推动了译本的互文本化。汉日翻译实践,须重视日本社会既存汉语文本的日译本的参考价值。汉日翻译不仅仅是中日语言符号的简单切换,更是汉语文本在“日本”这一语境下的互文之旅;汉日翻译活动,本质上是对中日互文本的认知或扩充。本文尝试以唐诗《劝酒》的日译为例,分析其翻译文本的生成、接受流布,以及在历史文脉、文化语境中变迁的互文本化过程。
After Tang Dynasty “persuaded wine” to land in Japan, it has spread widely for hundreds of years. From the traditional translation of “Chinese training”, to “carnival” oral translation, a large number of copying and fiction has triggered the variation of the form of the text and the tension of the content. In the meantime, the interaction and dialogue between social history, language and culture, translators, texts and readers and many other factors have made the texts intertextual and promoted the trans-textualization of translations. The practice of translating between Chinese and Japanese must pay attention to the reference value of the Japanese translation of the existing Chinese texts in Japanese society. Chinese-Japanese translation is not only a simple switch between Chinese and Japanese language symbols, but also an intertextual journey of Chinese text under the context of “Japanese ”; the translation activities of Chinese and Japanese are, in essence, Knowledge or expansion. This paper attempts to take the example of the Japanese translation of the Tang poem “Urged to Wine” to analyze the generation, reception and dissemination of translated texts as well as the inter-textual process of changes in historical contexts and cultural contexts.