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北宋对西北吐蕃居地的开发与开拓可分为三个阶段:第一阶段(960-1037),以采伐森林资源为主,虽然宋廷反对开边,但采造务及堡寨的设置仍然使北宋的实际控制范围沿渭河谷地向上游推进;第二阶段(1038-1071),北宋推行弓箭手屯田与修筑堡寨相结合的屯田进筑政策,将实际控制范围渐次向吐蕃部落居地推进;第三阶段(1072-1127),北宋实行武力开边政策,创设熙河路,将西北吐蕃居地纳入版图。北宋对西北吐蕃居地的开发与开拓是相辅相成的,自然资源的开发为边疆开拓奠定物质基础,边疆的开拓又为自然资源开发提供新的空间,二者相互结合,取得显著成效。
Northern Song Dynasty on the northwestern Tuodu Habitat development and development can be divided into three stages: the first phase (960-1037), mainly to deforestation, although Song opposed the open edge, but the mining services and the Fort still set to make The actual control scope of the Northern Song Dynasty moved along the Weihe River Valley to the upper reaches. In the second stage (1038-1071), the northern Song dynasty implemented the policy of constructing a farmland for the incorporation of the archery fields and the construction of the fortified villages, and gradually pushed the scope of actual control to the tribes and sites in the Tibetan tribes. Three phases (1072-1127), the Northern Song Dynasty armed force to open the policy, the establishment of Hee Hee Road, Northwest Tuo Habitat incorporated into the territory. Northern Song Dynasty developed and exploited Tuhui habitat in the northwestern part of the country in a complementary way. The development of natural resources laid the material foundation for the development of the border areas. The pioneering of the border areas provided a new space for the development of natural resources. The two combined with each other and achieved remarkable results.