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2010~2013年以县为单位对山西省农田地下害虫优势种群及其分布、为害程度进行了调查。共调查11个地(市)的88个县(区),占全省119个县(区)的74%。发现地下害虫优势种9类22种,基本明确了各种类的分布区域。以调查发现地下害虫为害的地块计算,为害率在10%以上的地块15块,占调查地块的17%;为害率在5%~10%的地块30块,占调查地块的34%;为害率在5%以下的地块43块,占调查地块的49%。并列举出大量地下害虫为害的典型案例。经对调查资料综合分析认为,山西省各类地下害虫对农作物的危害程度依次为小地老虎>蛴螬类>金针虫类>根蛆类>网目拟地甲>蝼蛄类>二点委夜蛾>根蚧类>根蝽类;土壤的理化性质是影响当地优势种群建立的关键因素,农田的作物种类以及耕作栽培习惯,是影响当地种群消长的重要条件;地下害虫多数种类的发生和分布呈明显的片区型,但地下害虫对农作物的危害呈明显的点块型。
From 2010 to 2013, the predominant population of pests in farmland in Shanxi Province and their distribution and degree of harm were investigated by county. A total of 88 counties (districts) in 11 prefectures (cities) were surveyed, accounting for 74% of the 119 counties (districts) in the province. It was found that there are 22 species of 9 dominant species of underground pests, which basically clarified the distribution areas of various species. According to the investigation, the plots damaged by underground pests were calculated as 15 plots with a damage rate above 10%, accounting for 17% of the parcels surveyed; 30 plots with a damage rate ranging from 5% to 10% 34%; the damage rate of less than 5% of the land 43, accounting for 49% of the plot. And lists a large number of typical cases of underground pests. According to the comprehensive analysis of survey data, it is concluded that the hazard degree of all kinds of underground pests to crops in Shanxi Province are as follows: Small Tigers> 蛴 螬> 金 虫 类> root maggots> 目 地>> 蝼 蛄> > Rhizomucidae> Rhizopus stolonifer. Soil physical and chemical properties are the key factors affecting the establishment of dominant populations. The crop types and cultivation practices of farmland are the important conditions affecting the growth and development of local populations. The occurrence and distribution of most species of underground pests Obvious patch-type, but the harm of underground pests on crops was significantly point block type.