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目的探讨肺癌住院患者感染病原菌分布、动态变化以及感染相关因素,为临床制定感染预防措施提供参考。方法对2009年1月-2014年1月入院的357例肺癌患者感染资料进行回顾性分析,收集患者的痰液、咽拭子、尿液、胸腔积液、粪便、局部病灶分泌物等标本进行病原菌的分离、培养及鉴定,采用SPSS统计软件进行数据处理。结果 357例肺癌患者发生感染71例,感染率为19.9%,小细胞肺癌较非小细胞肺癌更容易发生感染;感染发生部位以呼吸道和肺部为主,占43.7%;共检出病原菌168株,其中革兰阳性菌51株占30.3%,以金黄色葡萄球菌为主,革兰阴性菌92株占54.8%,以大肠埃希菌为主,真菌25株占14.9%,主要为白色假丝酵母菌;5年内真菌感染呈上升趋势,革兰阳性菌感染呈下降趋势;患者的年龄、住院时间、肺癌TNM分期、侵入性操作、白细胞计数、预防用药等是肺癌住院患者医院感染的相关危险因素(P<0.05)。结论肺癌患者是医院易感人群,且真菌感染呈逐年上升趋势,应引起医务人员的重视;患者的年龄、住院时间、肺癌TNM分期、侵入性操作、白细胞计数、预防用药等是肺癌住院患者医院感染的相关危险因素,应针对上述危险因素采取有效的干预措施,减少医院感染的发生。
Objective To investigate the distribution, dynamic changes of infectious pathogens and the related factors of infection in inpatients with lung cancer and provide reference for preventive measures in clinical practice. Methods The data of infection in 357 lung cancer patients admitted from January 2009 to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. Specimens of sputum, throat swab, urine, pleural effusion, excrement and local secretions were collected from patients Pathogen isolation, culture and identification, using SPSS statistical software for data processing. Results 71 out of 357 lung cancer patients were infected, the infection rate was 19.9%. Small cell lung cancer was more likely to be infected than non-small cell lung cancer. The infection occurred mainly in respiratory tract and lung, accounting for 43.7% 51 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 30.3%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus, 92 strains of Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 54.8% to Escherichia coli, fungi 25 strains accounted for 14.9%, mainly white silk Fungal infections in 5 years increased, Gram-positive bacteria showed a declining trend. The age, hospital stay, TNM staging of lung cancer, invasive procedures, leukocyte count and prophylaxis were the risk factors associated with nosocomial infections in hospitalized patients with lung cancer Factor (P <0.05). Conclusions Patients with lung cancer are susceptible to hospital infection and fungal infections are increasing year by year, which should be paid more attention to by medical staff. Patients’ age, hospital stay, TNM staging of lung cancer, invasive procedures, leukocyte count, and prophylaxis are the hospital of lung cancer patients Infection-related risk factors, we should take effective interventions against the above risk factors to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.