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目的调查柳江河沿岸居民自产蔬菜、大米镉污染状况及对人体健康危害的风险评价。方法在柳江河沿岸村屯随机采集居民自产蔬菜27份,大米20份,对重金属镉(Cd)含量进行检测,采用单因子污染评价指数法评价蔬菜、大米镉污染状况,按照美国国家环境保护署(USEPA)推荐的方法,建立蔬菜、大米中重金属镉污染健康风险评价模型,对镉通过饮食途径引起的健康风险作出评价。结果所采集的蔬菜样品中有14.8%(4/27)的蔬菜镉含量超标,叶菜类和根茎类蔬菜的单因子污染评价指数分别为0.55、0.56,均属良好;大米样品中有50%(10/20)的样品镉含量超标,单因子污染评价指数为1.32,属于轻度污染;蔬菜、大米中镉的年平均个人摄入健康风险评价结果分别为7.25×10-6、3.55×10-5。结论柳江河沿岸居民自产的大米有轻度的污染,蔬菜、大米中镉污染对人体健康潜在危害的个人年风险均低于USEPA推荐的最大可接受水平(1×10-4)。
Objective To investigate the risk assessment of home-grown vegetables and rice cadmium pollution in Liujiang River and the harm to human health. Methods 27 native vegetables and 20 rice varieties were randomly collected from the villages along the Liujiang River. The contents of heavy metal cadmium (Cd) were detected. The single factor pollution evaluation index was used to evaluate the cadmium pollution in vegetables and rice. According to the National Environmental Protection (USEPA) recommended methods to establish a health risk assessment model of heavy metal cadmium pollution in vegetables and rice, and evaluate the health risks caused by the passage of cadmium through the diet. Results The results showed that 14.8% (4/27) of the vegetable samples collected had excessive cadmium content, and the single factor pollution evaluation index of leaf vegetables and root vegetables were 0.55 and 0.56, respectively. All the samples were 50% (10/20) samples exceeded cadmium content, single factor pollution evaluation index of 1.32, which belongs to mild pollution; vegetables, rice in the annual average personal intake of cadmium health risk assessment results were 7.25 × 10-6,3.55 × 10 -5. Conclusion The rice produced by native residents along Liujiang River is mildly polluted. The personal annual risk of potential harm to human health caused by cadmium pollution in vegetables and rice is lower than the maximum acceptable level (1 × 10-4) recommended by USEPA.