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目的检测室内工作场所烟草烟雾浓度,评价禁烟政策在降低烟草烟雾暴露中的作用。方法选取10个省市的14个卫生机构的办公楼,调查办公楼内的禁烟规定;用尼古丁作为烟草烟雾的标志物,评估禁烟规定对烟草烟雾暴露的作用。结果14个办公楼中,有4个实行了全面禁烟或部分禁烟规定。有禁烟规定办公楼的办公室的尼古丁浓度80百分位点低于2μg/m3,无禁烟规定办公楼的办公室尼古丁浓度80百分位点为20μg/m3。70%以上的吸烟办公室的尼古丁浓度超过1μg/m3;35%的非吸烟办公室和50%的走廊的尼古丁浓度超过1μg/m3。有1个办公楼在2006年1月1日颁布了禁烟规定,之后其尼古丁浓度大幅度下降:办公室的尼古丁平均值下降到原来的1/4以下,走廊下降到1/8以下。结论工作场所是烟草烟雾暴露的一个重要场所。禁烟或限制吸烟都可以有效降低室内烟草烟雾的暴露。
Objective To measure the concentration of tobacco smoke in indoor workplaces and evaluate the role of smoking-free policies in reducing tobacco smoke exposure. Methods The office buildings of 14 health institutions in 10 provinces and cities were selected to investigate the smoking ban in the office buildings. Nicotine was used as a marker of tobacco smoke to assess the effect of smoking ban on tobacco smoke exposure. As a result, 4 out of 14 office buildings have implemented a total or non-smoking ban. The non-smoking office office’s office’s nicotine concentration 80th percentile is below 2μg/m3, and the non-smoking office building’s office nicotine concentration 80th percentile is 20μg/m3. More than 70% of smoking office’s nicotine concentration exceeds 1 μg/m3; 35% of non-smoking offices and 50% of corridors have a nicotine concentration of more than 1 μg/m3. One office building promulgated a smoking ban on January 1, 2006, after which its nicotine concentration dropped significantly: the office’s nicotine average dropped below 1/4, and the corridor dropped below 1/8. Conclusion The workplace is an important place for tobacco smoke exposure. No smoking or restricted smoking can effectively reduce the exposure of indoor tobacco smoke.