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以大豆品种“铁丰31”为试材,在幼苗第二片复叶完全展开时分别以1 500 mg.L-1的KHCO3和NaHCO3喷施于叶片的正反两面,测定光合速率、可溶性糖、光合色素等生理指标,以探讨K+、Na+和HCO3-对光合作用的影响。结果表明:与清水对照处理相比,K+、Na+和HCO3-能提高大豆幼苗的光合速率、可溶性糖含量、叶绿素a、b和叶绿素总含量,增加叶绿素b在总叶绿素中的比例;促进光反应的电子传递为暗反应碳固定提供更多的同化力来促进大豆幼苗光合作用;提高大豆幼苗叶片的ATP合酶活性及光合磷酸化活性;增加大豆幼苗叶片PEPC酶活力和PEPC比活力;其中HCO3-对提高幼苗光合速率、叶绿素b合成及全链光合电子传递速率起到显著促进作用;NaHCO3显著增加了Rubisco含量。K+对Rubisco含量的促进作用小于Na+,对其它各指标的促进作用均大于Na+。
With the soybean variety “Tiefeng 31” as the test material, when the second compound leaf of the seedling was fully unfolded, the leaf photosynthesis rate was measured on the both sides of the leaf with 1 500 mg.L-1 of KHCO3 and NaHCO3 respectively, Soluble sugar, photosynthetic pigments and other physiological indicators to explore the impact of K +, Na + and HCO3- on photosynthesis. The results showed that K +, Na + and HCO3- increased the photosynthetic rate, soluble sugar content, total chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll, and increased the proportion of chlorophyll b in total chlorophyll compared with the control. Of the electron transfer for the dark reaction of carbon fixation to provide more assimilation to promote the photosynthesis of soybean seedlings; to improve soybean seedling leaf ATP synthase activity and photosynthetic phosphorylation activity; increase soybean seedling leaf PEPC enzyme activity and PEPC specific activity; wherein HCO3 - significantly promoted photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll b synthesis and photosynthetic electron transfer rate of seedlings; NaHCO3 significantly increased Rubisco content. The effect of K + on the content of Rubisco was less than that of Na +, and the promotion effect on other indexes was greater than Na +.