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在塔里木盆地塔克拉玛干沙漠中的塔里木河区域,地震野外采集作业最佳时间是当年12月至翌年1—2月的冰冻期。在2014年YML2井南宽方位三维地震勘探中,2月份融冰期提前到来,融冰期前后的塔里木河宽度、边界及潜水面高程发生大的变化。融冰期内,气候条件复杂多变,塔里木河频繁出现水进或水退,融冰和结冰时常转换,检波点和炮点被水淹的区域和数目变化很大,前期过塔里木河设计的采集方案在施工中不能正常实施,需要不断更新或调整。针对融冰期前后不断变化的水文地质条件对地震野外采集造成的诸多不良影响,采用高精度遥感信息技术,实时跟踪和掌控水文地质条件变化,探索和应用初始动态设计和滚动优化设计观测系统的思路和方法,及时偏移、恢复或增加塔里木河障碍区检波点和炮点,周密组织进行精细化地震野外作业,使实际施工参数尽力达到冰冻期的正常设计水平。应用结果表明,获得了高信噪比、高分辨率的宽方位三维地震资料,效果良好。
In the Tarim River region in the Taklimakan Desert in the Tarim Basin, the best time for field acquisition of earthquakes is from December to January-February of the following year. During 2014 YML2 well 3D seismic exploration, the melting period came early in February and the Tarim River width, boundary and submerged elevation changed greatly before and after the ice melting period. Melting ice period, the complex and volatile climatic conditions, the frequent occurrence of water in the Tarim River or water retreat, melting and freezing often change, checkpoints and shots were flooded areas and the number of large changes in the pre-Tarim River Acquisition program in the construction can not be implemented normally, you need to constantly update or adjust. In view of the unfavorable influence of the changing hydrogeological conditions before and after the melting ice on the acquisition of the seismic field, the high-precision remote sensing information technology is used to track and control the changes of hydrogeological conditions in real time and to explore and apply the idea of initial dynamic design and rolling optimization design observation system And methods to timely offset and restore or increase the detection points and shots in the barrier area of the Tarim River so as to finely organize fieldwork in the field so as to make the actual construction parameters reach the normal design level during the freezing period. The application results show that the wide-azimuth 3D seismic data with high signal-to-noise ratio and high resolution are obtained with good results.