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[目的]了解和政县麻疹流行特征和规律,探讨防制对策与措施。[方法]对1971～2007年和政县麻疹发病情况进行描述流行病学分析。[结果]实施计划免疫后和政县麻疹发病率下降了97.46%,死亡率下降了98.85%,流行强度减弱,以散发为主,呈明显的季节性和地区分布;发病年龄以15岁以下儿童为主,少、边乡镇及城区流动人口是和政县计划免疫的薄弱环节。[结论]近年来麻疹发病回升的主要原因是MV接种率低,存在免疫空白。增加投入、强化管理,提高常规免疫接种率,加强疫情监测,有计划地开展高危地区/人群MV强化免疫或应急接种,消除免疫空白,是贫困少数民族地区控制消除麻疹的关键所在。
[Objective] To understand the epidemic characteristics and laws of measles in Hezheng County and to explore countermeasures and measures for prevention and control. [Method] The epidemiological analysis of the incidence of measles in Hezheng County from 1971 to 2007 was conducted. [Results] The incidence of measles in Hezheng County decreased by 97.46% and the mortality rate dropped by 98.85% after the implementation of the planned immunization. The epidemic intensity was weakened and the distribution was predominant. The seasonal and regional distribution was obvious. The incidence of children aged under 15 Mainly, less, while the township and urban floating population is the weak link in Hezheng County’s planned immunization. [Conclusion] The main reason for the rise of measles in recent years is the low vaccination rate of MV and the existence of immune blank. Increasing investment, strengthening management, increasing routine vaccination rate, strengthening epidemic situation monitoring, carrying out intensive immunization or emergency vaccination of MV in high-risk areas / groups in a planned way and eliminating immunization gaps are the keys to controlling and eliminating measles in poor ethnic minority areas.