在近十年来,随着信息时代的到来和网络的日渐发达,人们对于信息的安全性要求越来越高。量子计算研究飞速发展,现代密码学的地位正遭受着前所未有的挑战。本文简要介绍了传统密码和量子密码的基本概念,通过密码技术对比,强调量子密码比传统密码更加安全。 In the past ten years, with the advent of the information age and the increasing development of the Internet, people are increasingly demanding on the security of information. The rapid development of quantum computing research, the status of modern cryptography is being subjected to unprecedented challenges. This article briefly introduces the basic concepts of traditional and quantum cryptography. By contrasting cryptography, it emphasizes that quantum cryptography is more secure than traditional cryptography.