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miRNA是广泛存在于真核生物的一种内源性的小分子RNA,作为一种关键因素与肿瘤的发生、发展及细胞分化密切相关。miR-451在造血细胞成熟分化及维持红细胞稳定中起着关键的调控作用,并在胶质瘤、胃肠癌、肺癌等多种肿瘤组织中明显低表达。上调miR-451可以显著抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖、侵袭和转移,增加肿瘤细胞的凋亡率,提高肿瘤放、化疗敏感性等诸多生物学效应。本文对miR-451与造血细胞分化及肿瘤发生发展的相关研究进展作一综述。
MiRNA is an endogenous small-molecule RNA that exists widely in eukaryotes. As a key factor, miRNA is closely related to tumorigenesis, development and cell differentiation. miR-451 plays a key regulatory role in the maturation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells and the maintenance of erythrocyte stability, and is obviously down-regulated in glioma, gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer and other tumor tissues. Up-regulation of miR-451 can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, increase the apoptosis rate of tumor cells and enhance the biological effects of tumor radiotherapy and chemosensitivity. This article reviews the progress of miR-451 and hematopoietic cell differentiation and tumor development.