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在交通分析模型的路径选择过程中,Logit模型有着不可替代的优势,而模型对误差项的IID假设既是简化计算的原因也是其致命的缺陷。为了弥补模型的不足,分别从两个层面构建Logit模型,即考虑选择肢之间的相似度和用户对路径长度的敏感度。用数学推导证明该模型的解与随机用户平衡的解是一致的,以及解的唯一性,并采用MSA算法求解该模型。通过算例对比分析了引入不同因素对Logit型随机用户均衡模型分配结果的影响方式与程度。结果表明,公共因子使得路径选择概率更离散,但路网的总行程时间最小;而路径长度敏感系数使路径间流量分布更均匀,两者同时考虑时模型的各项指标均居中。
The Logit model has an irreplaceable advantage in the path selection process of traffic analysis model. The model’s IID assumption of error term is not only the reason of simplification calculation but also a fatal flaw. To make up for the deficiencies of the model, the Logit model is constructed from two aspects, that is to consider the similarity between the selected limbs and the user’s sensitivity to the path length. The mathematical derivation proves that the solution of the model is consistent with the solution of the stochastic user equilibrium, and the uniqueness of the solution. The MSA algorithm is used to solve the model. A case study is conducted to compare the ways and degrees of impact of different factors on the distribution of Logit random user equilibrium models. The results show that the public factors make the probability of route selection more discrete, but the total travel time of the road network is the smallest; and the path length sensitivity coefficient makes the traffic distribution more uniform between the routes.