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本文介绍球铁齿轮的新型材料、热处理方法、破坏机理和承载能力、特点及应用范围。综合整理了目前非常分散的球铁齿轮设计资料,可供设计研究工作者参考。球墨铸铁具有良好的综合机械性能、工艺性能和价格低廉等特点,是一种制造齿轮的优良材料。当前在汽车、拖拉机、农业机械、机床等行业中都有不少应用实例,如汽车后桥中螺旋锥齿轮、拖拉机传动齿轮等。随着球铁生产技术的发展及对球铁齿轮研究的深入,可以予见,八十年代球铁齿轮将会得到更为广泛的应用。与钢质齿轮一样,球铁齿轮亦可分为软齿面及硬齿面两种,它们主要差别在于基体组织及合金化的情况不同。基体组织为珠光体及珠光体——铁素体者为软齿面球铁齿轮;基体组织为贝氏体者多为硬齿面球铁齿轮。以下分别阐述这两种齿轮的研究现状和应用情况。
This article describes the new materials of ductile iron gears, heat treatment methods, failure mechanism and bearing capacity, characteristics and application range. Comprehensive sorting of the current very decentralized ductile iron gear design information, design and research workers for reference. Ductile iron has a good comprehensive mechanical properties, process performance and low prices and other characteristics, is an excellent gear manufacturing materials. Currently there are many applications in the automotive, tractors, agricultural machinery, machine tools and other industries, such as the spiral bevel gear in the rear axle of a car, the transmission gears of a tractor, and the like. With the development of ductile iron production technology and the deepening of research on ductile iron gears, it can be seen that ductile iron gears will be more widely used in the 1980s. Like steel gears, ductile iron gears can be divided into two types: soft-tooth surface and hardened tooth surface. The main difference between them is that the matrix structure and alloying conditions are different. Matrix organizations for the pearlite and pearlite - ferrite are soft-tooth nodular iron gear; bainite matrix organization are mostly hardened nodular iron gear. The following describes the research status and application of these two kinds of gears respectively.