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目的 了解细胞增殖与凋亡在肾小管间质纤维化中的意义。方法动态观察单侧输尿管梗阻（UUO）大鼠模型中梗阻侧肾脏及假手术组肾脏肾小管细胞及间质细胞的增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）表达及细胞凋亡情况，以及间质α平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-ＳMＡ）表达水平。结果ＵU０大鼠梗阻肾从第３天至第１１天 ，均可见较大量的细胞凋亡，以肾小管上皮细胞居多，其中亦有间质细胞。无论紧小管或间质细胞，ＰＣＮＡ的表达在第３天已达高峰，随后下降。尽管肾小管、间质细胞的增殖与凋亡水平有一过性升高，但肾小管上皮细胞增殖／凋指数最终降至低于正常，而间质细胞的该指数则一直高于正常。这与间质。α－ＳＭＡ的大量表达和肾间质容量不断增加的病理改变一致．结论 细胞的增殖与凋亡参与ＵＵＯ大鼠模型肾间质纤维化过程，是这一过程的两个重要参数。
Objective To investigate the significance of cell proliferation and apoptosis in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Methods The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and apoptosis of renal tubular cells and interstitial cells in obstructive kidneys and sham-operated rats in unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat model were dynamically observed. The changes of interstitial α-smooth muscle Protein (α-SMA) expression levels. Results UU0 rats obstructed kidney from day 3 to day 11, we can see a larger amount of apoptosis, mostly tubular epithelial cells, including interstitial cells. Regardless of tight tubules or interstitial cells, PCNA expression peaked on day 3 and then decreased. Despite a transient increase in the proliferation and apoptosis of tubular and interstitial cells, the proliferation / apoptosis index of tubular epithelial cells eventually dropped below normal, whereas the index of mesenchymal cells was consistently higher than normal. This is interstitial. The overexpression of α-SMA is consistent with the increasing pathological changes of renal interstitium. Conclusions Cell proliferation and apoptosis are involved in the process of renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO rats, which are two important parameters in this process.