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目的分析2010—2014年甘肃省肃南县肺结核病的发病特征及流行规律,为进一步控制肺结核病的发病率及有效管理肺结核病患者提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法分析肃南县肺结核病疫情。结果 2010—2014年肃南县共报告肺结核病患者291例,年均发病率154.92/10万,5年报告发病率分别为235.68/10万、160.93/10万、130.39/10万、123.77/10万和126.03/10万,发病呈逐年下降趋势,各年度报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.67,P<0.01);肺结核病发病以冬春季较多,男女发病性别比为1.55∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.75,P<0.01);发病年龄以65岁~年龄组最多、占报告病例的36.43%(106/291),其次为55岁~年龄组、报告发病例数占29.90%(87/291),位居第三位的是75岁~年龄组、占9.97%(29/291),各年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=179.76,P<0.01);农牧民发病例数最多、占发病总数的76.98%,其次为家务待业、占10.31%,农牧民发病与其他职业相比差异有统计学意义(χ2=16.49,P<0.01)。结论 2010—2014年肃南县肺结核病发病呈逐年下降趋势,应继续严格实施现代结核病控制策略,加强管理现有患者;农牧民是肃南县肺结核病防治工作重点,要加强老年人结核病的防治,关注无业人员的发病情况。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic pattern of tuberculosis in Sunan County, Gansu Province from 2010 to 2014 and provide reference for further controlling the incidence of tuberculosis and effectively managing tuberculosis patients. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the pulmonary tuberculosis in Sunan County. Results A total of 291 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Sunan from 2010 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 154.92 / 100 000. The incidence rates in five years were 235.68 / 100 000, 160.93 / 100000, 130.39 / 100000, 123.77 / 10 Million and 126.03 / 100000, the incidence showed a downward trend year by year, the annual report incidence was statistically significant (χ2 = 21.67, P <0.01); tuberculosis incidence in winter and spring more, sex ratio of men and women 1.55: 1 , The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 12.75, P <0.01); the age of onset was in the age group of 65 to the age group, accounting for 36.43% (106/291) of the reported cases, followed by the 55-year-old group Accounting for 29.90% (87/291), ranking the third place in the 75-year-old age group, accounting for 9.97% (29/291). The incidence of each age group was significantly different (χ2 = 179.76, P <0.01) ; The incidence of peasants and herdsmen was the largest, accounting for 76.98% of the total, followed by domestic ones, accounting for 10.31%. The incidence of peasants and herdsmen was significantly different from other occupations (χ2 = 16.49, P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in Sunan County is decreasing year by year from 2010 to 2014. Modern TB control strategies should continue to be strictly implemented to strengthen the management of existing patients. Farmers and herdsmen are the focus of tuberculosis control in Sunan County. Prevention, attention to the incidence of unemployed persons.