我们采用Achenbach2～3岁儿童行为检查表(CBCL)(家长用)、上海版和自制的影响儿童行为15因素问卷,对通州市农村2～3岁散居儿童1837名进行了调查研究,首先在检验了CBCL复测信度符合要求(r=0.896)的基础上制定了当地常模。以此常模评定了1837名儿童,其行为问题检出率为5.88％。对农村2～3岁儿童行为有显著影响的因素有:父母亲文化程度、教育方式、儿童发育是否明显落后,有无高热惊厥和/或中枢神经系统疾患史. We used Achenbach’s behavioral checklist (CBCL) for children aged 2-3 years old (for parents), Shanghai version and self-made 15-factor questionnaire on children’s behavior, and conducted a survey of 1837 scattered children aged 2 to 3 years in rural areas of Tongzhou City. The CBCL retest reliability to meet the requirements (r = 0.896) based on the development of the local norm. In this norm, 1837 children were assessed, and the detection rate of their behavioral problems was 5.88%. Factors that have a significant impact on the behavior of children aged 2-3 in rural areas are: parental education level, education mode, whether children’s development lags behind, whether febrile seizures and / or CNS disorders.