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在气温和水温的作用下,支墩与壩面具有不同的温度,因此而产生十分复杂的温度应力。本文提供一个近似的计算方法。首先将支墩与壩面沿其接触面切开,则在不同温度的作用下,支墩与壩面之间将产生变位差。然后沿此面施加一对本身互相平衡的剪力,大小相等,方向相反,其分布状态由支墩与壩面沿其接触面必须具有相等的变位的条件决定之。剪力求得后,即可计算壩内应力。应用这个方法也可以计算壩面混凝土的收缩或湿胀在壩内所引起的应力以及在水压和自重作用下壩面对支墩应力的影响。这些在按现行弹性力学方法计算支墩壩时均无法考虑。
Under the action of air temperature and water temperature, the pier has different temperatures with the dam surface, thus resulting in a very complicated temperature stress. This article provides an approximate calculation method. Firstly, the abutment and the dam surface are cut along the contact surface of the abutment, the displacement difference between the abutment and the dam surface will occur under the action of different temperatures. And then apply a pair of shear forces which are balanced with each other on the same plane. The sizes are the same and the directions are the opposite. The distribution of the shear pier is determined by the condition that the abutment and the dam surface must have equal displacement along the contact surface. Shear calculated, you can calculate the dam stress. This method can also be used to calculate the stress caused by the shrinkage or wet expansion of concrete in the dam and the stress on the abutment under the action of water pressure and self-weight. These can not be considered when calculating the pier by existing elastomechanics.