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目的分析东莞市2008—2011年手足口病的流行特征,为制定有效的防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对东莞市2008—2011年网络直报的手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2008—2011年东莞市共报告手足口病病例57 268例,各年发病率分别为46.26/10万、153.08/10万、382.91/10万和368.63/10万,不同年份间发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);发病高峰为4—7月和9—10月;城镇片、丘陵片发病率最高,年均发病率分别为296.11/10万和279.27/10万;5岁及以下儿童为主要发病人群,占病例总数的95.67%(54 789/57 268);散居儿童占76.62%(43 876/57 268),托幼儿童占20.31%(11 629/57 268);本地人口病例占38.85%,流动人口病例占61.15%,本地人口发病率(310.22/10万)高于流动人口(193.98/10万)(P<0.01);共报告暴发疫情31起,主要集中于4—6月,均发生于托幼机构(幼儿园29起、儿童福利院2起)。结论 2008—2011年东莞市手足口病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,5岁及以下散居儿童、托幼儿童为防控的重点人群,今后应有针对性地开展手足口病的宣传教育,加强托幼机构疫情监测和管理。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Dongguan from 2008 to 2011 and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of hand-foot-mouth-mouth disease in Dongguan city from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 57 268 HFMD cases were reported in Dongguan from 2008 to 2011, with annual incidences of 46.26 / 100 000, 153.08 / 100 000, 382.91 / 100 000 and 368.63 / 100 000 respectively. There were significant differences in the incidence rates among different years (P <0.01). The peak incidence was from April to July and from September to October. The highest incidence rates of urban films and hilly patches were found with an average annual incidence of 296.11 / lakh and 279.27 / lakh respectively. The following children were the major cause of the disease, accounting for 95.67% (54 789/57 268) of the total number of cases; children who scattered children accounted for 76.62% (43 876/57 268) and children and toddlers accounted for 20.31% (11 629/57 268); the local population 38.85% of cases were cases of migratory diseases, and 61.15% of them were migrants. The incidence rate of local population was 310.22 / 100,000, higher than that of floating population (193.98 / 100000) (P <0.01). A total of 31 outbreaks were reported, In June, all occurred in kindergartens (29 kindergartens and 2 child welfare homes). Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Dongguan is increasing year by year in 2008-2011. Diving and nursery children aged 5 years and younger are the key population for prevention and control. Propaganda and education of hand-foot-mouth disease should be targeted in the future, Epidemics monitoring and management in young institutions.