一、为什么必须进行国有经济的改革公有制是我国经济的主体,国有经济是我国经济的主导和支柱。国有经济掌握我国经济命脉,分布于国民经济重要的领域和部门。国有经济办得好不好,发展得快不快,对我国社会主义制度的巩固、社会主义现代化建设的发展和人民生活水平的提高,有着不可估量的意义、作用和影响。但是,过去我们缺乏经验,国有经济的管理体制是学苏联的,确有弊病。主要问题有:高度集中,企业和地方缺乏自主权;把计划等同于社会主义,把市场看作资本主义,排斥市场;公有制纯而又纯,公有制形式越高级越好,排斥非公有制存在和发展。 First, why must the reform of state-owned economy be conducted Public ownership is the mainstay of our economy. State-owned economy is the leading and pillar of our economy. The state-owned economy grasps the lifeline of our economy and is distributed in important areas and sectors of the national economy. It is an immeasurable significance, role and influence for the consolidation of our socialist system, the development of socialist modernization and the improvement of people’s living standard. However, in the past, we lacked experience. The management system of the state-owned economy was learned by the Soviet Union and indeed has its drawbacks. The main problems are: high concentration, lack of autonomy in enterprises and localities; equalization of plans with socialism and market as capitalism and exclusion of the market; pure and pure public ownership, the more advanced forms of public ownership, the exclusion of the existence and development of non-public ownership .