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目的探讨早产儿支气管肺发育不良(bronchopulmonary dysplasia,BPD)的相关临床高危因素、病因、了解BPD发病机制,为BPD的防治提供参考。方法以本院新生儿重症监护室2009年1月1日-2013年12月31收治接受呼吸器辅助呼吸(包括经鼻持续气道正压通气和气管插管机械通气)的505例存活早产儿为研究对象,对导致早产儿BPD的相关临床高危因素进行统计分析。结果 BPD多发生于胎龄小于32周,出生体重<1 500g的早产儿,BPD与胎龄小、极低和超低出生体重,出生时重度窒息,长时间机械通气、新生儿败血症,动脉导管未闭等因素相关。结论预防早产及重度窒息,规范窒息复苏流程,避免长时间有创机械通气,积极控制感染、关闭动脉导管可减少BPD的发生。
Objective To explore the related clinical risk factors and etiology of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants and to understand the pathogenesis of BPD so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of BPD. Methods A total of 505 surviving preterm infants receiving ventilator assisted breathing (including nasal continuous positive airway pressure and endotracheal intubation) were enrolled in our neonatal intensive care unit from January 1, 2009 to December 2013, 31 As the research object, the statistical analysis of the clinical risk factors related to BPD in preterm infants. Results BPD occurred in gestational age less than 32 weeks, birth weight <1 500g premature children, BPD and gestational age, very low and low birth weight, severe neonatal asphyxia, prolonged mechanical ventilation, neonatal sepsis, ductus arteriosus Unrelated and other factors related. Conclusions Prevention of premature delivery and severe asphyxia can regulate the process of resuscitation asphyxia, avoid prolonged invasive mechanical ventilation, actively control infection and close the ductus arteriosus to reduce BPD.