目前,很多器官移植的实验研究集中在利用协同刺激分子通路的免疫调节机制来诱导免疫耐受,不少实验达到了良好的耐受效果。这些协同刺激分子的单克隆抗体、融合蛋白和它们的转基因修饰的细胞或组织所诱导的移植免疫耐受具有简便经济实用的独特优势,在将来一定会有巨大的临床应用价值和前景。本文就这些通路的研究成果和进展作一回顾和总结,以便更好地应用于器官移植的科研和临床。 At present, many experimental researches on organ transplantation have focused on using immunomodulatory mechanisms that co-stimulate molecular pathways to induce immune tolerance, and many experiments have achieved good tolerability. The unique and economical advantages of these costimulatory molecule monoclonal antibodies, fusion proteins and their genetically modified cells or tissues induced by transplantation immunity are simple and economical, and will certainly have tremendous clinical value and prospect in the future. This article reviews and summarizes the research results and progress of these pathways so as to be better applied to the research and clinical applications of organ transplantation.