银行资本作为社会总资本的有机组成部分,与产业资本、商业资本同步发展,应该独立于政府财政之外。但民国前期的中国银行业从其产生到发展,与产业的盛衰并没有十分密切的关系,而是与财政间长期存在着一种共生共栖的依存关系。这其中最根本的原因是由资本逐利的本性、近代中国产业基础薄弱、政府实施经济统制政策及特殊的社会环境等因素决定的。财政与银行关系密切的直接后果是银行信贷资金的财政化,对中国社会经济的发展产生了复杂的影响。 As an integral part of the total social capital, bank capital should develop simultaneously with industrial capital and commercial capital and should be independent of government finances. However, in the early period of the Republic of China, the banking industry in China did not have a very close relationship with the rise and fall of the industry from its birth to development. Instead, it had a long-term, interdependent relationship with the fiscal sector. The most fundamental reason for this is determined by the nature of capital-for-profit, the weak industrial base in modern China, the government’s policy of economic control and the special social environment. The direct consequence of the close relationship between finance and banks is the financialization of bank credit funds, which has had a complicated impact on China’s social and economic development.