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目的初步了解东莞地区新生儿耳廓畸形的形态学分型及其发生率,获得新生儿耳廓测量数据。方法用人体测量仪对东莞厚街医院出生一周以内的321例新生儿两耳耳廓的长、宽等指标进行测量,并拍摄照片。根据耳廓畸形诊断标准,判断形态学分型,得到各类型的发生率,两耳和性别间差异及耳廓测量数据。结果 321例新生儿中存在8种耳廓畸形的形态学分型,分别是招风耳、杯状耳、垂耳、Stahl’s耳、环缩耳、Conchal Crus、耳轮畸形和复合畸形,其中招风耳发生率为3.74%,杯状耳2.18%,垂耳5.61%,Stahl’s耳2.49%,环缩耳13.40%,Conchal Crus6.07%,耳轮畸形5.92%,复合畸形4.05%。右耳Conchal Crus发生率较高,女婴耳轮畸形发生率较高。结论新生儿耳廓畸形发生率较高,国内外耳廓畸形分型诊断存在差异,需要开展多中心合作研究来确定中国新生儿耳廓畸形定量化诊断。
Objective To understand the morphological classification and incidence of auricular deformities in newborns in Dongguan and get the data of auricle measurements of neonates. Methods Measure the length and breadth of the ear auricles of 321 newborns within one week after the birth in Dongguan Houjie Hospital with a human body measuring instrument and take pictures. According to diagnostic criteria of auricle deformity, morphological classification was judged, the incidence of various types, differences between ears and gender, and the data of auricle measurements were obtained. Results Among the 321 newborns, there were 8 morphological types of auricular deformity, which included pleural effusion, goblet ear, ear drop, Stahl’s ear, convolution ear, Conchal Crus, malformation of helix and composite malformations, 3.49%, 2.18% goblet ears, 5.61% goblet ears, 2.49% Starls ears, 13.40% ring ear, 6.06% Conchal Crus, 5.92% malformation of helix and 4.05% deformity. The incidence of Conchal Crus in the right ear is higher, and the incidence of malformations in the ear of a baby girl is higher. Conclusions The incidence of auricular deformity in newborns is high. There are differences in the classification of auricular deformities at home and abroad. A multi-center collaborative study is needed to determine the quantitative diagnosis of auricular deformities in newborn infants in China.