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村民委员会是村民自我管理、自我教育、自我服务的基层群众性自治组织。村委会职责的重心在于村庄自治性事务,服务于村庄、维护村民合法权益是其核心功能。然而,个案考察显示,村委会在行使职权的过程中具有严重的选择性、自利性倾向,背离了自身职责与功能。其原因在于村民自治中决策、管理与监督环节民主建设滞后、村民自治物质基础薄弱、基层政府指导与监督职责缺失以及深层次上村庄治理中传统体制与观念的影响。
Villagers committees are self-governing grass-roots mass organizations for self-management, self-education and self-service of villagers. The center of responsibility of village committees lies in the affairs of village autonomy, serving the villages and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of villagers is their core function. However, the case study shows that the village committees have serious selectivity and self-interest tendency in their exercise of their powers, deviating from their own duties and functions. The reason lies in the lagging behind of democratic construction in decision-making, management and supervision of villagers ’autonomy, the material foundation of villagers’ autonomy, the lack of guidance and supervision responsibilities of grass-roots government and the influence of traditional system and concept in village governance.