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目的:调查中山市餐饮业的食品原材料卫生安全状况,探讨食品原材料的污染因素,为保障食品原材料卫生安全提供依据。方法:收集中山市2004~2008年的食品检测资料,统计分析食品污染的主要因素。结果:①熟肉微生物指标不合格率为34.93%,禽肉、畜肉及水产品致病菌检出率为11.24%,猪内脏、猪肉、水产品有铅和镉检出。②蔬菜的农药残留超标率达58.86%,铅、镉检出率均达20%。③粮食及其制品不合格仅2.98%,但仍有镉、汞、无机砷和铅检出。④食用植物油不合格率为6.48%,主要不合格项为酸价,占所有检出不合格项的70.59%。⑤调味品不合格率为10.48%,不合格项以氨基酸态氮、菌落总数为主。结论:餐饮业食品原材料的主要卫生安全问题为微生物污染,此外,重金属的污染同样不容忽视。
Objective: To investigate the health and safety status of food raw materials in the catering industry in Zhongshan City, and to explore the pollution factors of raw materials for food, in order to provide the basis for ensuring the hygiene and safety of food raw materials. Methods: The food testing data of Zhongshan City from 2004 to 2008 were collected and the main factors of food contamination were statistically analyzed. Results: ① The unqualified rate of cooked meat microbiological index was 34.93%. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in poultry meat, livestock meat and aquatic products was 11.24%. Pig and pork, aquatic products were detected by lead and cadmium. ② vegetable pesticide residues exceeded the rate of 58.86%, lead, cadmium detection rates reached 20%. ③ food and its products failed 2.98%, but there are still cadmium, mercury, inorganic arsenic and lead detected. ④ edible vegetable oil failed rate of 6.48%, the main unqualified item is the acid value, accounting for 70.59% of all detected unqualified items. ⑤ condiment failure rate of 10.48%, substandard items to amino acid nitrogen, the total number of colonies based. Conclusion: The main health and safety issues of food raw materials in the catering industry are microbial contamination. In addition, the pollution of heavy metals should not be ignored.