创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)是少数精神疾病状态之一。人们对心理社会应激源的情绪和神经生物反应存在明显的个体差异。本文着重探讨认知评价和应对方式对神经内分泌应激反应及随后的心理健康结果中潜在的个别差异的影响。从心理生物学角度对创伤和PTSD进行持续性研究将提高人们对心理社会应激源适应的理解,同时有助于人们治疗相关的心理和生理后遗症。 Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the few mental illness states. There are obvious individual differences in emotional and neurobiological responses to psychosocial stressors. This article focuses on the impact of cognitive assessment and coping styles on potential individual differences in neuroendocrine stress response and subsequent mental health outcomes. Continued studies of traumatic injuries and PTSD from a psycho-biological perspective will increase understanding of psychosocial stressors’ adaptation and help people treat related psychosocial and sequelae.