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本文从无形、连续、聚散、阴阳四个方面对先秦气论与伊奥尼亚哲学作了比较,说明它们同属于素朴唯物主义中的与原子论思想不同的物质观;中西哲学在初创之时所以相通,是因为最初的哲学家总是倾向于把最精细、最流动的物质作为世界的本原。本文认为古希腊的素朴唯物主义之所以发生从伊奥尼亚哲学向原子论的转化,最直接的原因是由于埃利亚学派对伊奥尼亚哲学进行了形式逻辑的批判;而中国先秦动荡的社会环境没有产生出一个强有力的绝对主静和崇尚逻辑的学派,地主阶级思想家“崇德”“利用”的学术倾向使气论在中国古代得以长期延续和发展。
This article compares the pre-Qin theory of qi and Ionian philosophy from invisibility, continuity, polygamy, yin and yang, which shows that they all belong to the same materialistic view different from atomic thought in the naive materialism. The reason for this is that the original philosophers tended to regard the finest, most fluid substance as the origin of the world. This article argues that the most direct reason for the fact that ancient Greek materialism occurred from the conversion of Ionian philosophy to atomic theory was due to the Elia School’s criticism of Ionian philosophy in formal logic. The social environment did not produce a strong and absolute school of thought, advocating logic, and the academic tendency of landlord class thinkers “Zonta ” and “utilization ” made it possible for the theory of Qi to be extended and developed for a long time in ancient China.