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设秸秆、猪粪、沼液和对照(CK,秸秆不还田)处理,通过长期的田间定位试验探究不同有机物料还田对小麦田土壤碳氮含量、植株氮素利用效率、产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明,成熟期与播前相比,除CK外,猪粪、秸秆还田和沼液处理的全氮和有机碳含量均增加,且氮素积累量、氮素偏生产力和氮素利用效率均大于CK,分别增加13.85%、3.23%、4.67%(2013-2014年)和10.25%、7.68%、0.48%(2014-2015年)。猪粪、秸秆还田和沼液处理的产量均显著大于CK(P<0.05),分别增加14.29%、11.12%、4.65%(2013-2014年)和26.61%、16.18%、10.96%(2014-2015年)。2013-2014年,猪粪和秸秆还田处理的经济效益显著大于CK(P<0.05),分别增加10.73%、12.34%;2014-2015年,猪粪、秸秆还田和沼液处理与CK相比分别增加31.04%、20.65%和10.86%。综上所述,有机物料还田不但可以提高土壤的基础肥力和小麦产量,而且可以提高经济效益。
Straw, pig manure, biogas slurry and control (CK, straw not returning) were set up to investigate the effects of different organic materials returning to field on soil carbon and nitrogen contents, plant nitrogen utilization efficiency, yield and economic benefits through long-term field experiment Impact. The results showed that the contents of total nitrogen and organic carbon in pig manure, straw residue and biogas slurry increased with the increase of nitrogen accumulation, nitrogen partial production and nitrogen utilization efficiency Were higher than CK by 13.85%, 3.23%, 4.67% (2013-2014) and 10.25%, 7.88%, 0.48% (2014-2015) respectively. The yields of pig manure, straw and biogas slurry were significantly higher than CK (P <0.05), increasing by 14.29%, 11.12%, 4.65% (2013-2014) and 26.61%, 16.18% and 10.96% respectively (P < 2015). The economic benefits of pig manure and straw returning to the field during 2013-2014 were significantly higher than CK (P <0.05), increasing by 10.73% and 12.34% respectively. From 2014 to 2015, pig manure, straw returning and biogas slurry treatment were compared with CK Than the increase of 31.04%, 20.65% and 10.86% respectively. In summary, the return of organic materials can not only improve soil fertility and wheat yield, but also can improve economic efficiency.